Zimbabwe, officially the Republic of Zimbabwe, is a landlocked republic in southern Africa, bordered on the north-west by Zambia, on the north-east and east by Mozambique, on the south by South Africa, on the south-west by Botswana, and the west by Botswana and the Caprivi Strip of Namibia. It was formerly the British colony of Southern Rhodesia (later Rhodesia).
| Basic Facts | |
| Official name | Government, independence, legislature, constitution, highest court, and voting qualifications data are largely from various government websites, the latest Europa World Yearbook, and the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) World Factbook. The armed forces data is from Military Balance. |
| Capital | Harare |
| Area | 390,759 sq km |
| 150,873 sq mi | |
| Administrative divisions (population) | |
| Bulawayo | 620,936 |
| Harare | 1,752,000 (estimate) |
| Manicaland Province | 1,537,676 |
| Mashonaland Central Province | 857,318 |
| Mashonaland East Province | 1,033,336 |
| Mashonaland West Province | 1,116,928 |
| Masvingo Province | 1,221,845 |
| Matabeleland North Province | 640,957 |
| Matabeleland South Province | 591,747 |
| Midlands Province | 1,302,212 |
| Largest cities (population) | |
| Harare | 1,752,000 (estimate) |
| Bulawayo | 620,936 |
| Chitungwiza | 274,912 |
| Mutare | 131,367 |
| Gweru | 128,027 |
| Kwekwe | 75,425 |
| Kadoma | 67,750 |
| Masvingo | 51,743 |
| Chinhoyi | 43,054 |
| Hwange | 42,581 |
| Marondera | 39,384 |
| Zvishavane | 32,984 |
| Redcliff | 29,959 |
| People (top) | |
| Population | 12,671,860 (estimate) |
| Population growth rate | 0.68 per cent (estimate) |
| Population density | |
| 33 persons per sq km (estimate) | |
| 85 persons per sq mi (estimate) | |
| Urbanization | |
| Per cent urban | 37 per cent (estimate) |
| Per cent rural | 63 per cent (estimate) |
| Life expectancy | |
| Total | 37.8 years (estimate) |
| Female | 37 years (estimate) |
| Male | 38.6 years (estimate) |
| Infant mortality rate | |
| 67 deaths per 1,000 live births (estimate) | |
| Literacy rate | |
| Total | 91.3 per cent (estimate) |
| Female | 87.9 per cent (estimate) |
| Male | 94.7 per cent (estimate) |
| Ethnic divisions | |
| Shona | 71 per cent |
| Ndebele | 16 per cent |
| Other | 13 per cent |
| Languages | |
| English (official), Shona, Ndebele | |
| Religions | |
| Syncretic (part Christian, part indigenous beliefs) | 50 per cent |
| Christian | 25 per cent |
| Indigenous beliefs | 24 per cent |
| Muslim, Hindu, other | 1 per cent |
| Government | |
| Type of government | Presidential republic |
| Independence | |
| 18 April 1980 (from the United Kingdom) | |
| Constitution | 18 April 1980 |
| Voting rights | Universal at age 18 |
| Economy (top) | |
| Gross domestic product (GDP) (US$) | |
| 8,304 million (2002) | |
| GDP per capita (US$) | 640 |
| GDP by economic sector | |
| GDP, agriculture | 17.4 per cent |
| GDP, industry | 23.8 per cent |
| GDP, services | 58.8 per cent |
| National budget (US$) | |
| Total revenue | 2,478 million |
| Total expenditure | 3,010 million |
| Monetary unit | |
| ???????? | |
| Exports | |
| Tobacco, minerals, cotton, maize, gold, textiles, ferrochrome | |
| Imports | |
| Petroleum products, machinery, motor vehicles, foodstuffs | |
| Major trading partners for exports | |
| South Africa, United Kingdom, Japan, Germany, Botswana | |
| Major trading partners for imports | |
| South Africa, United Kingdom, Japan, Germany, United States | |
| Industries | |
| Mining, textiles, chemicals, food processing, metals, wood products, cement, tourism | |
| Agriculture | |
| Crops: maize, tea, cotton, tobacco, wheat, millet, cassava, sunflower seeds, bananas, soya beans, coffee, sugar cane, peanuts; livestock: cattle, goats, sheep, pigs; self-sufficient in food | |
| Natural resources | |
| Gold, asbestos, nickel, copper, silver, emeralds, lithium, tin, iron ore, cobalt, chromium, coal, diamonds, kyanite, platinum, zinc, lead | |
| Sources (top) | |
| Basic Facts and People sections | |
| Area data are from the statistical bureaus of individual countries. Population, population growth rate, and population projections are from the United States Census Bureau, International Programs Center, International Data Base (IDB) (www.census.gov). Urban and rural population data are from the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations (UN), FAOSTAT database (www.fao.org). Largest cities population data and political divisions data are from the statistical bureaus of individual countries. Ethnic divisions and religion data are largely from the latest Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) World Factbook and from various country censuses and reports. Language data are largely from the Ethnologue, Languages of the World, Summer Institute of Linguistics International (www.sil.org). | |
| Health and Education section | |
| Life expectancy and infant mortality data are from the United States Census Bureau, International Programs Center, International database (IDB) (www.census.gov). Population per physician and hospital bed data are from the World Health Organization (WHO) (www.who.int). Education data are from the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) database (www.unesco.org). | |
| Government section | |
| Government, independence, legislature, constitution, highest court, and voting qualifications data are largely from various government websites, the latest Europa World Yearbook, and Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) World Factbook. The armed forces data is from Military Balance. | |
| Economy section | |
| Gross domestic product (GDP), GDP per capita, GDP by economic sectors, employment, and national budget data are from the World Bank database (www.worldbank.org). Monetary unit, agriculture, mining, manufacturing, exports, imports, and major trade partner information is from the latest Europa World Yearbook and various International Monetary Fund (IMF) publications. | |
| Energy, Communication, and Transportation section | |
| Life expectancy and infant mortality data are from the United States Census Bureau, International Programs Center, International database (IDB) (www.census.gov). Population per physician and hospital bed data are from the World Health Organization (WHO) (www.who.int). Education data are from the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) database (www.unesco.org). | |
| Note | |
| Life expectancy and infant mortality data are from the United States Census Bureau, International Programs Center, International database (IDB) (www.census.gov). Population per physician and hospital bed data are from the World Health Organization (WHO) (www.who.int). Education data are from the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) database (www.unesco.org). | |
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